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For patients with major organ involvement, such as the kidneys or central nervous system, drugs called immunosuppressives may be used. In lupus the immunosuppressive drugs most often used are azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate. Cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept) are also used. These drugs may be given by mouth or by infusion. Side effects may include nausea, vomiting, hair loss, bladder problems, decreased fertility, and increased risk of cancer and infection. The risk for side effects increases with the length of treatment.

Exercising on a regular basis is very important. It may be easier to exercise when the lupus is less active, however, even during a flare gentle range of motion exercises can keep you from feeling stiff. Exercise can help prevent muscle weakness. A physical therapist can help you develop an exercise routine that fits your level of fitness and schedule.

No special diet is recommended for people with lupus. A balanced diet with the possible addition of a multi vitamin is suggested. Your doctor may recommend a special diet to help specific problems caused by lupus, such as kidney disease. Drinking alcohol has the potential of harming your liver and is contraindicated with some medications.

Exposure to the sun and certain fluorescent lights can make skin rashes or other systemic problems worse in lupus. Sun exposure can cause lupus flares, resulting in fever, joint pain or even inflammation of internal organs. Sun sensitivity varies greatly from person to person. Sunscreen and protective clothing is recommended.

If you have additional questions contact the Lupus Foundation of New England, Ask the Doc.